The Trip To Halawa Valley :: essays research papers

The Trip to Halawa Valley "The Trip to Halawa Valley," is a short story composed by Lynne Sharon Schwartz. The story is about a child succeeding and getting hitched in Hawaii, also, the reunification of his separated from guardians. The guardians become the primary focal point of the story when the child recommends that they go out traveling to Halawa Valley. In this story Schwartz is attempting to show individuals that once you make a choice it is exceptionally difficult to walk out on that choice. With all the characters, aside from the quickly referenced love birds, Schwartz shows how choices made by an individual or a couple are difficult to betray. A case of this is Paul's guardians. Lois and Jim are united back in Hawaii, and attempt to revive their affection for one another. After their outing however, they understand it can not be done, and part in their own different ways. Schwartz does a generally excellent activity of indicating the peruser the experience she is attempting to pass on. She does this by utilizing a couple various characters all through the story. The principle ones she utilizes are the guardians, and that is the exceptionally clear model. A couple of different models are not as clear, however they do appear how choices are a significant factor throughout everyday life and once made are exceptionally difficult to pivot. Utilizing Paul's sibling Anthony, Schwartz shows that once he made the choice to join the Hare Krishnas there was no turning around, regardless of whether that implied not speaking with his folks any longer. Schwartz additionally utilizes Paul's other sibling Eric. When Eric declared that he was gay, his folks needed to make the intense choice to either bolster or not bolster his decision in sexuality.      Schwartz builds up the characters quick, yet in doing so makes the story move quicker. All through the story the characters are being created through the considerations of both Lois and Jim. They talk about their children and how one of them passed on at age 11 because of a cerebrum tumor. Schwartz additionally makes Lois create Jim, and Jim create Lois. She does this by causing them to think back about their past together.      The struggle in this short story is between the guardians of Paul.

Sociology Midterm Essay Example

Human science Midterm Essay They are absence of passionate help and social rules for their activities. Just as lacking of shared traits, criminal conduct and political fights happens in light of no social mix, since they dont have social holding with the general public. In contrasts, I accept criminal conduct should be possible in both level of solidarity. Criminal conduct could happen from the classification of low solidarity just of sharing not many convictions, qualities and good gauges. Then again, criminal conduct could happen In a high solidarity circumstance also, for instance self destruction planes. Its a criminal demonstration that self destruction plane contradict to do and I accept they are doctorate in the high solidarity class, since they feel when an individual from a such gathering see that the gathering is compromised they are probably going to be happy to forfeit their life to secure the circumstance. This implies criminal conduct conflictingly could happen on the grounds that a people social combinations are profoundly fabricated and weaved with the general public also. You have been relegated an exploration study that looks at conceivable victimization men in youngster authority cases. What will be the population(s) you will examine? By what method will you test the population(s)? By what method will you represent sex, race, age, salary level, and different qualities in your population(s)? In the event that you adopted a subjective strategy, how might your techniques vary? On the off chance that I am appointed to look into and analyzes conceivable victimization men In youngster authority cases, I would utilize a review style. We will compose a custom exposition test on Sociology Midterm explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now We will compose a custom article test on Sociology Midterm explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer We will compose a custom article test on Sociology Midterm explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer My populace target gathering would be male gatherings that are once or at present attempting to arrive kid from youngster guardianship cases. Sick utilize an example, by arbitrary chooses and sorts them by salary level as it were. This is on the grounds that, regardless of what nationality and how old they are the length of their salary level prevail In a specific zone, winning youngster care case ought to be no issue. This Is on the grounds that up to an individual has cash, they ought to have the option to help the youngsters. My strategy would be diverse in light of the fact that a subjective methodology alludes to circumstances where you gather information in an unstructured manner. On the off chance that you utilize an unstructured meeting you will have subjective information. Subjective information will shape the premise of a pilot study, where the point is to get the most ideal feel for the circumstance through extensively characterized information. The outcomes from the pilot study are then used to diminish a generally more measured methodology. Select a social practice Tanat appears to be 000, Inexplicable, or Irrational to you Ana clarify why this is so. By either talking with individuals from the subculture gathering, and additionally perusing or doing research about them, clarify how the subculture practice you picked bodes well to individuals from the subculture gathering. Subculture is unmistakable social gatherings inside more extensive social arrangements that characterize themselves contrary to standard culture. The term subculture has been utilized widely in social examinations to recognize those social gatherings, typically youth rooftops, who use style to mean protection from prevailing society. Subcultures, for instance the low jeans gatherings. One of the subculture practice that had consistently appear to be exceptionally odd, puzzling and nonsensical to me is wearing your jeans low till you see the base of your fighters. That is to say, what is the purpose of wearing your jeans so low? You cannot run appropriately when your jeans are so low on the grounds that essentially it may very well tumbled off. Truly, I think wearing low jeans are Just wrong, since your indicating your fighters around in people in general to exhibit your coolness. Wearing low jeans never astounded me. Low jeans were started from jail. Where detainees who were accessible to be tempted/assaulted by different detainees would wear their jeans low and the pattern was endured and in the long run search out of the jail cell into pretty much every edge of the roads, since individuals needs to proceed with the pattern recall the history. In any case, the meaning of being allure and assaulted by other male detainees had been deleted. On the road individuals who wear lows pants essentially needs to look cool with the old criminal like style. They think wearing their jeans low would pull in females. Envision you are a strict pioneer who is attempting to hold youthful grown-ups as they grow up and separate from their families. You perceive that marriage and parenthood are not, at this point considered as significant in the change to adulthood as they were before. What soul changing experience might you be able to create to engage todays youthful grown-ups? Why are such functions significant in our general public? What do they represent? I would make my allure brimming with measurement numbers, which will appear to be very accommodation. I would utilize numbers and instances of the history to recognize people groups ineptitude about their present reasoning. This sort of functions are imperative to our general public, in light of the fact that without the feeling of marriage we would not think about the holding towards our general public, and without parenthood, we wouldnt acknowledge what is it feel to proceed with life for our next ages. This is essential to our general public since this permits human to make our next ages and to get the feeling of parenthood as our predecessors did. Our kids, who might one day become like us and keep on doing sexual proliferations to keep up the quantity of populace on the planet. This represents propagations of our next ages and the continuation of life in this general public.

Benefits Of Water Pollution Environmental Sciences Essay

Advantages Of Water Pollution Environmental Sciences Essay Impacts of Water Pollution: The impacts of water contamination are wide-going and these are profoundly needy upon the sort of synthetic substances that are dumped into the significant water sources. Water contamination adversy affects plants and animals living in the water. In almost all circumstances, the impact is ruinous not exclusively to the territories and individual species, yet in addition to the normal natural populaces. Wellsprings of Water Pollution: The wellsprings of water defilement are delegated being a point source or a non-point wellspring of sullying. Point Source: Point wellsprings of pollution occur when the harming substance is delivered straight into the stream. Case of a Point Source: A channel regurgitating harmful substances straight into a conduit is a model. Non-Point Source: A non-point source happens while there is run-off of contaminants into a waterway. Case of a Non-Point Source: When manure from a field is conveyed into a waterway by surface run-off. Cost of Water Pollution: In the main comprehensive assessment of its sort, the SEI (Stockholm Environment Institute), grounded at Tufts University, has given a white paper a title Valuing Floridas Clean Water. The archive finds that tiny fish and red tide episodes delivered by water sullying cost the Floridians around 1.3 billion dollars to 10.5 billion dollars consistently. The EPA will choose soon either to acknowledge the state-composed water defilement plan or to step in with all the more impressive government rules and organization. Why the Cost of Water Pollution is Measured: Water that is new in our sources, lakes, waterways, inlets and maritime masses gives clean water, various fish, shellfish and crab populaces, agreeable and safe swimming and drifting possibilities and different favorable circumstances, for instance alluring water sees, expanded estimations of property and more beneficial sea-going life. At the point when this new water gets polluted through overabundance residue, supplements or harmful synthetics, it requires the tidying up water and limiting the odds for the event of defilement. Additionally, there are a few different costs that outcome to travel and relaxation misfortune, recreational and fisheries-based money related frameworks, the hard to-esteem and the property estimations, however difficult to substitute situations, creatures and plants that are extremely needy upon more beneficial waters. Advantages of Water Pollution: There can be different favorable circumstances to specific sorts of fish or ocean animals. For example, a types of carp may not be affected much by sullied water, however a trout-fish will pass on from the tainting. Thusly, the carp will have the preferred position by having no other fish to challenge with for finding the nourishment and locale. Thus, the carp specie will develop in a superior manner. However, there are important things that are the purposes behind the event of water tainting. Assembling plants, vitality creation plants, oil boring apparatuses and compound makers all offer ground-breaking focal points to network, yet tragically, this prompts genuine water defilement. Anyway the sullying isn't significant, the explanation is, and thus is impossible away with. For example, would we somewhat have oil or incredibly clean seas? Discernibly, oil is increasingly important all things considered. This is the significant motivation behind why there is tainting control which assists with limiting the weaknesses. There are favorable circumstances to the polluters also. It is more affordable to discharge the waste items into the nearest water asset or soil when contrasted with procedure or treat that trash. Nonetheless, this isn't an advantage to mankind by and large. Issues of Water Pollution: Various water frameworks close to metropolitan territories (towns and urban areas) are profoundly debased. This is the result of both junk tossed out by individuals and perilous substances legitimately or unlawfully tossed out by creation segments, wellbeing businesses, instructive establishments and commercial centers. The significant issue brought about by water defilement is that it pulverizes the life of living beings that depend on these water bodies. Crabs, dead fish, ocean gulls and fowls, dolphins, whales, and different animals normally end up on beaches, slaughtered by contaminants in their condition (living condition). Contamination additionally interferes with the common natural pecking order. Contaminations for instance cadmium and lead are eaten by minor animals. At that point, these animals are devoured by shell-fish and fish, and henceforth the natural way of life continues being upset at all propelled levels. At last, individuals are likewise affected by this procedure. The people can get ailments for instance liver illness by the utilization of harmed ocean depths. In any underdeveloped nations, there is consistently event of cholera and ailments because of the lacking water treatment from contaminated waters. Environments (the cooperation of living life forms at a spot, in light of each other forever) can be truly changed or harmed by water defilement. A few territories are presently being misrepresented with foolish human tainting, and this contamination is coming back to hurt individuals in a few different ways.

How to Write a Personal Statement (with Examples)

How to Write a Personal Statement with Examples When it’s time to apply to college, grad school, law school, or med school, one of the most important steps to take is writing the personal statement. The personal statement is your opportunity to toot your own horn. Take full advantage of it and show why you have what it takes to succeed in the real world. What is a Personal Statement The definition of a personal statement will typically come in one of two forms—either it will be a general but comprehensive overview of you, your accomplishments, your skills, your drive, your interests and your goals; or it will be a response to specific prompt given you by the school to which you are applying. It is not uncommon for schools to ask a question of the applicant to see whether the applicant can give a well-reasoned, focused, and convincing response. The key to writing a great personal statement is to spend some time in reflection. Go over the things that make you special and unique, the qualities that make you a good worker, a good student, a good community member, and so on. This is not the place or time to doubt your own abilities. If there is ever a moment in life when you should be proud and let your light shine, it’s in your personal statement. Helpful Hint:   Real-life admissions representatives have said that the most critical thing an applicant should do is read the questions and respond to them.   Preparing a generic statement ahead of time and submitting it as a personal statement to every school to which you apply only works if no specific questions are being asked of you for your statement. Usually, colleges will want a statement that is tailored just for them—i.e., they will ask applicants to discuss a challenge they have faced or to discuss what motivates them. Rule #1 is:   Pay attention to the application and answer the question asked of you. How to Write a Personal Statement To begin, you should first do some brainstorming. Think about what makes you unique or what stands out in your personal history as most impressive. Think about your accomplishments, some challenge or obstacle you overcame and how you did it. Jot down some particulars—some details that help put your life in perspective:   think of people in your life who have influenced you or shaped your outlook. Be honest and real. Also, consider the school to which you are applying.   Consider the field of study.   What got you interested in this field? What do you know about this field? Write down some notes on why the field is right for you. Write down some notes on your current occupation (if you have one). Make notes about any volunteer activity you have done. Make notes on your personal qualities (are you a leader, empathetic, passionate, thoughtful?—give examples of each if you are). Don’t try to paint yourself in a way that you imagine might satisfy the admissions representatives. Just be yourself—be who you are:   you are already unique, so just represent that uniqueness in your brainstorming and your personal statement will stand out all on its own. Rule #2:   Answer all aspects of the question that is asked of you, and if no question is asked of you, give your personal statement a thematic framework so that it is focused. Start your statement off with some background information on yourself that ties into the main theme of the statement or that relates to the question asked of you. Use transitions to move from this general info into more detailed explanations of who you are, what you’ve accomplished, what you want to study, why you want to study it, why you think you’ll succeed, why this school is where you want to study, and why you would make the school proud. Rule #3:   Adhere to the word limit that the application places on you for the personal statement, if one is given. Representatives want to see whether you can be concise and follow directions. If you can’t, guess what—your application is likely to hit the dust bin. Personal Statement Format There is no special format required for the personal statement. It should be typed in Times New Roman, 12-point font. Avoid using bold, underline or italics. If the personal statement is submitted online, paragraphs may be spaced by adding a space between paragraphs. If the personal statement is submitted via paper-format, it should be double-spaced and formatted like a typical essay (see here for instructions regarding a basic essay format) How to Start a Personal Statement The best way to start the statement is to brainstorm before writing. Reflect on your life, your abilities, your ambitions, your creative and intellectual pursuits. Consider what activities give you joy, the challenges you’ve faced, how you’ve grown as an individual. Consider the people in your life, those who’ve impacted you and those you’ve impacted. Consider it all:   this is the tapestry of your life. The individual weaves and threads twine together to show you who you are. Reflect this tapestry in your personal statement by making a list of the qualities of your life that you deem most important. Underline essential concepts that you wish to convey in your statement—ideas that make you stand out like a bas-relief. Bring these ideas together in your opening statement. Highlight the one concept or two that feels like a good starting point or launching pad. Place this concept at the beginning of your statement so that the rest of the statement will proceed from this one point in an arc that will land you at your destination—the summation of your thought:   the overall point that you would like the representative to understand about you. How Long Should a Personal Statement Be? The length of the personal statement will more than likely be dictated by the application. Most applications to colleges place a word or character limit on the entry. Typically, however, you should try to limit your personal statement to between 1-2 pages. Try to keep it around 500 words or 5000 characters as a basic rule—but always be aware of the recommended word length or limit given by the college on the application form. Different Types of Personal Statements There are many types of personal statements, and, depending on where you are applying, your personal statement will be a little different each time. Let’s look at some of the most common requirements for a personal statement when applying to graduate school, medical school or law school. Graduate School Graduate school is your opportunity to really begin focusing on continuing your education to enhance or further your career opportunities. Thus, grad school and your chosen profession are commonly intimately connected. Therefore, discuss your chosen career in your personal statement for graduate school entrance and describe why you believe the school to which you are applying will facilitate your chosen career goals. This is also an excellent time to convey your experience in your chosen field:   describe any internships, shadowing experiences or research projects that you’ve worked on or been a part of. The more you can show that you’ve achieved, the more you will look like the type of excellent candidate for grad school that any university would love to have. There is no one way to craft this statement:   you can tell a story or touch on important highlights. It’s up to you—just remember to be yourself. Medical School Personal statements for medical school should focus on why you want a career in medicine, why you are well-suited for such a profession, how you developed an interest in it, and what experience you have in the field. Most med schools will want to see that your schooling has not had any interruptions—so if for some reason you had to take time away from your studies explain this in your personal statement. Again, you can convey this information by way of a story, a personal belief, or whatever method you feel works best. Law School Law school might sound like a place where everything is meant to be by the books—but with your personal statement you actually have a lot of leeway to be creative and be yourself. The main point of the personal statement for law school is to let the real you come out. Grades and test scores will be seen elsewhere in your application:   here, the admissions board will be looking to see if you can effectively communicate your character and your experiences in a way that is compelling. Personal Statement Examples Graduate School Personal Statement Example Ever since my time as a literature major as an undergraduate, I have wanted to be a professor.   I always admired my professors and desired to obtain the depth of knowledge and passion they had for literature.   For myself, the passion was there—it had been since I received my first book of poems as a child.   Now I want to deepen my knowledge and put myself in a position to help others enter and experience the world of literature. The modern classics of Russian literature are where I want to focus.   The works of Gogol, Dostoevsky, Tolstoy, Solzhenitsyn and many others have impressed me more than any other works I have ever encountered.   Their richness, beauty, harmony, humor, and insight have given me a fondness for and appreciation of life that I doubt I would possess had I not discovered these great authors and their books and stories and plays.   I owe this discovery not to any happenstance but rather to the devotion of one professor in particular—Dr. Higgins—a teacher and personal mentor whose lectures have inspired me on countless occasions.   He opened up the world of Russian literature to me and I will forever be grateful.   The great joy I have in speaking of Russian literature is incomparable as a result of his teaching, and I desire nothing more than to be able to spread that joy to others by ultimately becoming a professor of Russian literature like my mentor. I have worked on two published reviews of the works of Gogol with Dr. Higgins—both of which required our attendance at a conference in Moscow and the use of research facilities there.   My time in Moscow and our combined efforts helped strengthen my love for the Russian people, their literature, their history and their wisdom.   I want to build on that love by continuing my education at this university, which is renowned for its literature program and respected around the world. My goal is to obtain a doctorate in Russian literature and follow in the footsteps of my mentor Dr. Higgins, carrying the torch of Russian literature on to the next generation of students and lighting the way for years to come.   Using my experience in research and my own personal experience of traveling throughout Russia and encountering the world firsthand, I aim to accomplish this goal and contribute significantly to the body of work already published in this field. Medical School Personal Statement Example My enthusiasm for medicine developed, believe it or not, from watching Grey’s Anatomy on TV.   When the show first debuted in 2005, I was hooked.   I knew I had to get into the world of medicine. My first step was to major in biology in my undergraduate years.   I did very well in these classes and always balanced out my studies by staying current with what the characters on my favorite show were doing—whether it was Dr. Grey, Dr. Shepherd or Dr. Yang.   Just as they were growing in the show, I felt I was growing as a student and advancing towards my aim of becoming a doctor.   All I had to do was stay focused and choose an area to go into. To help me make that decision, I shadowed several different doctors at our local hospital.   My time spent shadowing Dr. Stern, a heart surgeon, was very encouraging for me.   We spent some time talking about the importance of the profession and the skill required.   I felt like this was the path I was being called to take, and that is why by the time I was ready to graduate, I had settled on becoming a surgeon. I took the MCAT and scored very well.   I was very happy with the advancements I had made in my studies.   I celebrated by re-watching every season of Grey’s Anatomy all over again!   I hosted a big party for all of my friends who were also interested in pursuing a career in medicine:   the show served as a perfect backdrop for us.   It had drama, entertainment, and, best of all, scenarios in the medical field which we all wanted to encounter.   It may seem silly, but the show really helped us to relax and enjoy our time as we hunkered down individually and focused on our goals.   We helped each other study for the MCAT and quizzed one another, preparing ourselves over the months leading up to the test.   I will never forget the time and devotion that we all gave to one another during that period. I plan on staying in contact with the good friends I made along the way, but not all of us have the same medical career goals in mind.   I along with another friend have decided on applying to this school because it is very well respected as being one of the top surgical schools in the country. I’ve certainly come a long way.   I remember falling and scraping my knee as a little child and my mother applying a band-aid to my scratch.   I thought then that it was so wonderful how she was able to treat my cut.   As simple as that act of care was, it left an indelible mark on me—and I think it is what truly planted the seed in me to allow me to have the respect and appreciation for the field of medicine that I have today.   I look forward to passing that seed and that same kind of care on to others. Law School Personal Statement Example How did I become interested in law?   To be honest, a lot of it had to do with growing up on the old courtroom drama Perry Mason.   Raymond Burr will forever be in my mind the epitome of the trial lawyer.   Whenever I thought of myself as practicing law as a young man, I always imagined myself being like Perry Mason.   Perhaps it is ironic, then, that the type of law I plan on pursuing is not trial law but rather securities law.   How did I go from Perry Mason to securities law?   Well, the answer to that has a lot to do with my father. You see, my father has always been an active investor in the stock and bond markets.   From the earliest age, he has taught me how to read charts, examine the company reports of the Fortune 500 companies, and make predictions on what certain tickers would do at a certain time as a result of certain conditions.   He taught me to have a love for the marketplace. When, together, we saw a number of friends pile into penny stocks on the Pink Sheets during the height of the marijuana bubble, we warned them that many of these companies would be prosecuted for securities fraud if there was any actual oversight of the sector.   When the bubble burst and our friends lost fortunes, we sadly had to shake our heads.   I couldn’t blame my friends that much:   after all, the hype surrounding the marijuana industry at the time had convinced a lot of people that the promised land of financial freedom was just a short investment away.   Unfortunately, many of these companies were making promises they could not keep—and a lot of investors had the wool pulled over their eyes. Ever since then, I have wanted to do something to help bring the market into compliance with the rules and regulations that exist to help people make good decisions when it comes to investing.   Thus, my love for Perry Mason and for my father’s passion melded to give me a focus:   securities law brings these two worlds together for me and creates a number of opportunities that I would like to pursue. Not only is this school recognized as one of the best schools in the nation for dealing with securities law, it is also close to home.   Here I can be close to my family while also working to study, grow, and eventually become a securities lawyer.   In this manner, I truly hope to help make a difference in the world—following in the footsteps of my two favorite heroes:   Perry Mason and my father. Conclusion A personal statement does not have to be—and should not be—formulaic. The point of it is to let the real you show.   Be thoughtful, be creative—and be yourself. The admissions board wants to get to know the real you. They want a sense of your character, your ideas, your perspective, your motivation, your successes, your trials, your story, your background, you beliefs. Don’t try to act like someone you’re not when you write your personal statement. Make it personal and honest. The three main rules to remember are:   1) pay attention to the prompt and answer all parts of it, 2) provide a thematic framework for your personal statement so that it is focused; and 3) adhere to the word limit. You don’t have to try to â€Å"be† unique:   just be yourself and your unique qualities and characteristics while be evident. Of course, always be sure to review your personal statement and make revisions before submitting. And make sure you have mentioned why the school to which you are applying is right for you! Helpful Hints and Reminders Be personal. Be sure to answer the question, if one is asked in the prompt. Always adhere to the word limit: don’t go over and don’t be too far under. Show off: this is the time to talk about your best qualities—your successes, accomplishments, good works, challenges you’ve overcome and people who’ve inspired you.

Needs Artificial Insulin - 3758 Words

Stand on a street corner and ask people if they know what insulin is, and many will reply, Doesnt it have something to do with blood sugar? Indeed, that is correct, but such a response is a bit like saying Mozart? Wasnt he some kind of a musician? Insulin is a key player in the control of intermediary metabolism. It has profound effects on both carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, and significant influences on protein and mineral metabolism. Consequently, derangements in insulin signaling have widespread and devastating effects on many organs and tissues. To our surprise, insulin was the first hormone identified (late 1920s) which won the doctor and medical student who discovered it the Nobel Prize (Banting and Best). They discovered†¦show more content†¦They produce insulin, but their bodies do not use it effectively or properly. While many modern diseases plague society, diabetes has been known for many centuries (Juvenile Diabetes Foundation, 1-3). Type I diabetes is usually diagnosed in children and young adults and was previously known as juvenile diabetes. In type I diabetes, the body does not produce insulin. Insulin is necessary for the body to be able to use sugar. Sugar is the basic fuel for the cells in the body, and insulin takes the sugar from the blood into the cells. When sugar builds up in the blood instead of going into cells, it can cause two problems: cells may be starved for energy, and over time, high blood sugar levels may hurt your eyes, kidneys, nerves, or heart. Type 1 Diabetes usually develops due to an autoimmune disorder. This is when the bodys immune system behaves inappropriately and starts seeing one of its own tissues as foreign. In the case of Type 1 Diabetes, the islet cells of the pancreas that produce insulin are seen as the enemy by mistake. The body then creates antibodies to fight the foreign tissue and destroys the islet cells ability to produce insulin. 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TheRead MoreDiabetes: Types, Causes, and Effects773 Words   |  3 Pagesinitially caused by the imbalance of glucose in the body. Glucose is a sugar that the bodys cells need in order to survive (PubMed 2012). It provides it with the energy necessary to allow the body to function on a day to day basis. Different factors lead to the uncontrollable nature of glucose that defines diabetes. In Type I Diabetes, the body does not have the ability to produce insulin. Insulin is a hormone secreted from an organ called the pancreas which acts as a receptor on individual cells

Essay on Alarm Fatigue - 1647 Words

Alarm Fatigue Alarm fatigue is a growing national problem within the health care industry that links medical technology as a serious hazard that poses a significant threat to patient safety within hospitals across the country. Alarm fatigue occurs when nurses encounter an overwhelming amount of alarms thus becoming desensitized to the firing alarms. Alarm desensitization is a multifaceted issue that is related to the number of alarming medical devices, a high false alarm rate, and the lack of alarm standardization in hospitals today (Cvach, 2012). Desensitization can lead to delayed response times, alarms silenced or turned off, or alarms adjusted to unsafe limits, which can create a dangerous situation for the patient. Alarm fatigue†¦show more content†¦378). Hospitals have an array of medical devices at the bedside that have alarms, which have grown significantly within recent years. Nurses may be exposed to over 350 physiologic alarm monitors per day, resulting in s ensory overload thus leading to desensitization. When the alarm sounds it should be corrected immediately, even though it may be a false alarm or no issues with the patient. The Joint Commission has identified alarm fatigue as a 2014 National Patient Safety Goal, requiring hospitals â€Å"to establish improvement of alarm system safety as an organization priority† (as cited in Horkan, 2014, p. 83). Alarms are deliberately designed for high sensitivity so that nurses do not miss a true event. Firing alarms are usually muted, disabled or ignored by nurses altogether because alarms are viewed as a nuisance. Alarm hazards have generated national attention, in one highly publicized case an alarm sounded for 75 minutes before a nurse responded to a patient’s heart monitor that needed a battery replaced. When the nurse finally went to change the battery the patient was found unresponsive and could not be resuscitated because he had gone into cardiac arrest (Sendelbach Fu nk, 2013). The patient’s heart monitor battery eventually died and did not issue the critical alarm alert. In another event, a patient fell getting out of bed and bleed to death because the nurseShow MoreRelatedAlarm Anxiety Of Alarm Fatigue1361 Words   |  6 Pagescombat safety issues is by using different alarm systems to alert staff to issues in patient rooms. The many different alarms can be beneficial but can also cause a phenomenon that is referred to as alarm fatigue. Alarm fatigue is defined as a condition of sensory overload for staff members who are exposed to an excessive number of alarms (Blake, 2014). It is a national problem and the number one medical device technology hazard in 2012. The problem of alarm desensitization is multifaceted and couldRead MoreAlarm Fatigue : A Critical Problem1206 Words   |  5 Pages Alarm fatigue is a critical problem in health care setting. Nurses may not respond to alarms because they know that most of them are false or non-actionable. Sometimes, the alarms become the noises that nurses no longer hear because they are heard all the time. In addition to ignore alarms, nurses may also reduce audible alarm levels, change alarm limits, and inappropriately silence or deactivate alarms (Cvach, 2012). The alarm fatigue has led to sentinel events and deaths of patientsRead MorePlan of Action: Monitor and Alarm Fatigue1968 Words   |  8 PagesMonitor fatigue has been an issue ever since the technology to monitor patients was developed. The problem has gotten worse as technology has advanced and the number of alarms in the hospital increased. The average ICU has â€Å"over 40 different alarms† (Sendelbach Jepsen, 2013). Monitor fatigue is related to any type of monitoring device used in the hospital making the scope of the problem rather large as monitors r ange from bed alarms to telemetry monitors. In June 2013 the Joint Commission approvedRead MoreThe Importance Of Alarm Fatigue And Its Effects On The Number Of False And Non Actionable Alarms1902 Words   |  8 Pagestraditional education had a greater impact on the number of false and non-actionable alarms over presenting education in an online educational format. Evidence supports that alarm fatigue is a nursing problem that puts patients at risk for ham. Reducing the number of nuisance alarms decreases the occurrence of alarm fatigue among registered nurses. Evidence also supports patient harm is lessened when alarm fatigue is reduced (Sendelbach, S., Funk, M. 2013). Nurses are ethically obligated to reduceRead Moremonitor alarm fatigue Essay1248 Words   |  5 PagesMonitor Alarm Fatigue Courtney Conner University of South Alabama Strategies to Reduce Monitor Alarm Fatigue Monitor alarms are designed to alert caregivers to changes in a patient’s condition and can save lives, but majority of the alarms do not require clinical intervention. However, as the number of alarms encountered by clinicians on a daily basis rises, it has become difficult for caregivers to distinguish between clinically significant alarms and nuisance alarms. As a result, alarm fatigue hasRead MoreAlarm Fatigue : A Critical Patient Safety Alert1362 Words   |  6 Pagespatient safety hazard known as â€Å"alarm fatigue†. Alarm fatigue occurs when caregivers are desensitized by the frequent sounding of competing alarms from medical equipment, and other sources in a healthcare setting. Clinical alarms can be unintentionally overlooked as background noise, and drown out actionable warning signs that require vital clinical interventions. These alarm safety issues have led to unfavorable and, at times, even fatal patient outcomes. Alarm fatigue is a complex and multi-facetedRead MoreAlarm Fatigue : A Worldwide Professional Organization Essay967 Words   |  4 PagesAlarm fatigue was brought into the spotlight in recent years because of adverse patient outcomes. These sentinel events triggered the Joint Commission to make alarm safety a goal in 2014, and mandating policies and procedures to be in place by 2016 for better monitoring and observance of alarms. I decided to highlight this topic since a large part of a critical care nurse’s daily routine is silencing alarms for monitors, pumps, ventilators, beds and call lights. In my personal experience inappropriatelyRead MoreA Short Note On Alarm Fatigue And Alarm Management993 Words   |  4 Pagesthat one methodology of educating the registered nurses to alarm fatigue and alarm management will be more effective over the other in reducing the number of false and non-actionable alarms. The expectation is to determine which educational methodology, onlin e or traditional, will have a greater impact on the alarm management behavior of the nursing staff in the cardiac intensive care unit. This will be evident if the number of nuisance alarms are affected by one or the other educational methodologyRead MoreAlarm Fatigue: A Concept Analysis2650 Words   |  11 Pages Alarm Fatigue in Health Care: A Concept Analysis Chamberlain College of Nursing NR-501: Theoretical Basis for Advanced Nursing Practice Alarm Fatigue in Health Care: A Concept Analysis Alarm fatigue in health care has grown to be an ever-growing concern in the health care arena, especially when looking at patient safety concerns. There must be an understanding of the problem before we can develop policies and effective strategies to counter this problem. The concept of alarm fatigue in healthRead More Alarm Fatigue and its Effects on Quality Patient Care Essay1951 Words   |  8 Pagescontinuously assess the patients’ status, and alarm if the patients’ status drops below what is considered normal. The increased use of monitoring devices has created a new phenomenon known as alarm fatigue. According to the ECRI institute (2011), â€Å"alarm fatigue occurs when the sheer number of alarms overwhelms staff and they become desensitized to the alarms resulting in delayed alarm response and missed alarms-often resulting in patient harm or even death.† Alarm fatigue has become a major problem within

Motivation and Leadership

Question: Describe about the Motivation and Leadership. Answer: Introduction The term motivation is defined as the process that accounts for the individuals intensity, persistence and directions of efforts towards attaining a desired goal. It implies an inner sensation that drives an individual to preserve something and positively. When it articulates with the term leadership it creates a positive atmosphere among several employees in an organizational management. Leaders are used to channels motivation into practical use. In this assignment, the researcher has manipulated the concept of leadership development and change management based on the mentioned scenario. This assignment is totally based on critical thinking analytics with the core strategy concept of leadership and motivation development in an organizational management and in business enterprise. Overview of the Scenario and Concept In the provided scenario, it has been preferred the branch manager of PNC bank and the methods applies to motivate and inspire bankers in the sector of banking industry so that it become successful in its job role. The term Leadership and motivation plays a vital role in every common workplace environment (Draft, 2014). As a manager of the PNC bank there is need of emergence to increase the motivation rate and leadership enhancing qualities in a banking industry. Content/Critical Thinking Analysis Key concept A critical analysis is a subjective writing as it expresses the author evaluation and experience of a text. The term analysis implies breaking down and critically examines the parts (Spillane, 2012). The concept of critical analysis comprises of two general steps: identify the author purpose and thesis. In the context of above scenario, the manager want to motivate and satisfy the bankers and as well as the employees by availing the leadership qualities in an organizational management. Theories and Models The theories and models of leadership, motivation and development include varieties of concepts that must be present in a professional banking manager (Chemers, 2014). In the current scenario, the manager of PNC bank want to motivate and lead the bankers so that they success in their job role. Being a manager there are various ways to motivate the leaders which initially includes better complexion of communication, offerings of telecommunication option, offering of work bonus and etc. The manager must maintain a clean and efficient relationship; and fulfill all customer demands. Being a manager, the bank must improve the service of customers and provide all such necessary facilities to its employees; so that the employees feels good and tends to impoverish the customer services which is very important for a banking industry. The researcher has provided models of motivation which are illustrated below: Figure 1: Theory of Motivation (Source: Created by author) The above model is illustrated by the researcher itself to make a direct reflection in a banking industry. The highlighted factors of motivation reflected above help the manager of PNC bank to attract and motivate customers and its employees. The motivation theory of employees comprises of two segments which generally include common hygiene factor and motivating factor (Spillane, 2012). Hygiene factor are divided into four subparts which initially include salary and pay, social needs, companies policy and job securities; whereas general motivating factors comprises of recognition, responsibility, advancement of self esteem and maturity of work portfolio. The provided book of leadership, motivation and development is very helpful in case of manger to motivate the bankers and as well as the customer. Application of theory There are many theories of motivation and leadership. The professionals working in a positive environment requires certain consequences and assumptions regarding motivating and enhancing employees; so that they can provide efficient services to its ultimate customers at a glance. In an industry like banking, the satisfaction of customers and its services, leadership, motivation holds a very important aspect to make virtualization of business activities (Draft, 2014). Based on the above scenario, it is obvious that the concept of leadership plays a very eminent role in shaping the needs of every organizational management (Weiner, 2013). The theories that have been provided with this assignment are sorely related to the concept of leadership, motivation and development. In the provided book it have been mentioned that the personal qualities of a good leadership which includes responsibility, persistence, initiative and sociability must be present in a leader; which tends to motivate cu stomer and staff members to work efficiently and effectively (Peters, 2015). The outcomes of leadership have also been reflected by maintaining the trust and faith among various intellectual customers which is very important in a banking sector. Figure 2: Application Theory (Source: Li, Tan Teo, 2012, pp-260) The key points of leadership like fulfilling ambition, consumption of energy, tenacity and initiative helps the organizational management to make ensure and increases flexibility among employees and customers (Draft, 2014). The book focuses on varieties of leadership traits that must be present in a professional individual which generally includes drive, achievement, self confidence, ability of cognitive that motivate the customers and bankers to make clear complexion and attract towards bank portfolio work management (Schunk Zimmerman, 2012). Conclusion This assignment concludes with the broad concept of leadership development and motivation in a banking industry. As a manager it is very important to maintain and increase the efficiency of motivation in common workplace environment to satisfy customer and its employees. Throughout, this entire study the concept of leadership and motivation consideration has taken into account with some valuable points and strategy. The concept of leadership and development has become excessively important for all organizational management; as it sustains a behaviors and attributes of leader. As a manager, the tendency to satisfy bankers with banking core strategy services has resulted many customers to choose other banking services; so there is need of emergence to improve the consumer services by motivating and enhancing bankers and employees by attracting banking offers and services. References Chemers, M. (2014). An integrative theory of leadership. Psychology Press. Chhokar, J. S., Brodbeck, F. C., House, R. J. (Eds.). (2013). Culture and leadership across the world: The GLOBE book of in-depth studies of 25 societies. Routledge. Daft, R. (2014). The leadership experience. Cengage Learning. Golub, T. L., Ol ar, D., Rijavec, M. (2014, July). The role of motivation and academic social context in study-related flow and burn-out. In 7th European conference on positive psychology. Li, Y., Tan, C. H., Teo, H. H. (2012). Leadership characteristics and developers motivation in open source software development. Information Management, 49(5), 257-267. Peters, R. S. (2015). The concept of motivation. Routledge. Pinder, C. C. (2014). Work motivation in organizational behavior. Psychology Press. Schunk, D. H., Zimmerman, B. J. (Eds.). (2012). Motivation and self-regulated learning: Theory, research, and applications. Routledge. Spillane, J. P. (2012). Distributed leadership (Vol. 4). John Wiley Sons. Weiner, B. (2013). Human motivation. Psychology Press.

Motivation and Leadership

Question: Describe about the Motivation and Leadership. Answer: Introduction The term motivation is defined as the process that accounts for the individuals intensity, persistence and directions of efforts towards attaining a desired goal. It implies an inner sensation that drives an individual to preserve something and positively. When it articulates with the term leadership it creates a positive atmosphere among several employees in an organizational management. Leaders are used to channels motivation into practical use. In this assignment, the researcher has manipulated the concept of leadership development and change management based on the mentioned scenario. This assignment is totally based on critical thinking analytics with the core strategy concept of leadership and motivation development in an organizational management and in business enterprise. Overview of the Scenario and Concept In the provided scenario, it has been preferred the branch manager of PNC bank and the methods applies to motivate and inspire bankers in the sector of banking industry so that it become successful in its job role. The term Leadership and motivation plays a vital role in every common workplace environment (Draft, 2014). As a manager of the PNC bank there is need of emergence to increase the motivation rate and leadership enhancing qualities in a banking industry. Content/Critical Thinking Analysis Key concept A critical analysis is a subjective writing as it expresses the author evaluation and experience of a text. The term analysis implies breaking down and critically examines the parts (Spillane, 2012). The concept of critical analysis comprises of two general steps: identify the author purpose and thesis. In the context of above scenario, the manager want to motivate and satisfy the bankers and as well as the employees by availing the leadership qualities in an organizational management. Theories and Models The theories and models of leadership, motivation and development include varieties of concepts that must be present in a professional banking manager (Chemers, 2014). In the current scenario, the manager of PNC bank want to motivate and lead the bankers so that they success in their job role. Being a manager there are various ways to motivate the leaders which initially includes better complexion of communication, offerings of telecommunication option, offering of work bonus and etc. The manager must maintain a clean and efficient relationship; and fulfill all customer demands. Being a manager, the bank must improve the service of customers and provide all such necessary facilities to its employees; so that the employees feels good and tends to impoverish the customer services which is very important for a banking industry. The researcher has provided models of motivation which are illustrated below: Figure 1: Theory of Motivation (Source: Created by author) The above model is illustrated by the researcher itself to make a direct reflection in a banking industry. The highlighted factors of motivation reflected above help the manager of PNC bank to attract and motivate customers and its employees. The motivation theory of employees comprises of two segments which generally include common hygiene factor and motivating factor (Spillane, 2012). Hygiene factor are divided into four subparts which initially include salary and pay, social needs, companies policy and job securities; whereas general motivating factors comprises of recognition, responsibility, advancement of self esteem and maturity of work portfolio. The provided book of leadership, motivation and development is very helpful in case of manger to motivate the bankers and as well as the customer. Application of theory There are many theories of motivation and leadership. The professionals working in a positive environment requires certain consequences and assumptions regarding motivating and enhancing employees; so that they can provide efficient services to its ultimate customers at a glance. In an industry like banking, the satisfaction of customers and its services, leadership, motivation holds a very important aspect to make virtualization of business activities (Draft, 2014). Based on the above scenario, it is obvious that the concept of leadership plays a very eminent role in shaping the needs of every organizational management (Weiner, 2013). The theories that have been provided with this assignment are sorely related to the concept of leadership, motivation and development. In the provided book it have been mentioned that the personal qualities of a good leadership which includes responsibility, persistence, initiative and sociability must be present in a leader; which tends to motivate cu stomer and staff members to work efficiently and effectively (Peters, 2015). The outcomes of leadership have also been reflected by maintaining the trust and faith among various intellectual customers which is very important in a banking sector. Figure 2: Application Theory (Source: Li, Tan Teo, 2012, pp-260) The key points of leadership like fulfilling ambition, consumption of energy, tenacity and initiative helps the organizational management to make ensure and increases flexibility among employees and customers (Draft, 2014). The book focuses on varieties of leadership traits that must be present in a professional individual which generally includes drive, achievement, self confidence, ability of cognitive that motivate the customers and bankers to make clear complexion and attract towards bank portfolio work management (Schunk Zimmerman, 2012). Conclusion This assignment concludes with the broad concept of leadership development and motivation in a banking industry. As a manager it is very important to maintain and increase the efficiency of motivation in common workplace environment to satisfy customer and its employees. Throughout, this entire study the concept of leadership and motivation consideration has taken into account with some valuable points and strategy. The concept of leadership and development has become excessively important for all organizational management; as it sustains a behaviors and attributes of leader. As a manager, the tendency to satisfy bankers with banking core strategy services has resulted many customers to choose other banking services; so there is need of emergence to improve the consumer services by motivating and enhancing bankers and employees by attracting banking offers and services. References Chemers, M. (2014). An integrative theory of leadership. Psychology Press. Chhokar, J. S., Brodbeck, F. C., House, R. J. (Eds.). (2013). Culture and leadership across the world: The GLOBE book of in-depth studies of 25 societies. Routledge. Daft, R. (2014). The leadership experience. Cengage Learning. Golub, T. L., Ol ar, D., Rijavec, M. (2014, July). The role of motivation and academic social context in study-related flow and burn-out. In 7th European conference on positive psychology. Li, Y., Tan, C. H., Teo, H. H. (2012). Leadership characteristics and developers motivation in open source software development. Information Management, 49(5), 257-267. Peters, R. S. (2015). The concept of motivation. Routledge. Pinder, C. C. (2014). Work motivation in organizational behavior. Psychology Press. Schunk, D. H., Zimmerman, B. J. (Eds.). (2012). Motivation and self-regulated learning: Theory, research, and applications. Routledge. Spillane, J. P. (2012). Distributed leadership (Vol. 4). John Wiley Sons. Weiner, B. (2013). Human motivation. Psychology Press.

Motivation and Leadership

Question: Describe about the Motivation and Leadership. Answer: Introduction The term motivation is defined as the process that accounts for the individuals intensity, persistence and directions of efforts towards attaining a desired goal. It implies an inner sensation that drives an individual to preserve something and positively. When it articulates with the term leadership it creates a positive atmosphere among several employees in an organizational management. Leaders are used to channels motivation into practical use. In this assignment, the researcher has manipulated the concept of leadership development and change management based on the mentioned scenario. This assignment is totally based on critical thinking analytics with the core strategy concept of leadership and motivation development in an organizational management and in business enterprise. Overview of the Scenario and Concept In the provided scenario, it has been preferred the branch manager of PNC bank and the methods applies to motivate and inspire bankers in the sector of banking industry so that it become successful in its job role. The term Leadership and motivation plays a vital role in every common workplace environment (Draft, 2014). As a manager of the PNC bank there is need of emergence to increase the motivation rate and leadership enhancing qualities in a banking industry. Content/Critical Thinking Analysis Key concept A critical analysis is a subjective writing as it expresses the author evaluation and experience of a text. The term analysis implies breaking down and critically examines the parts (Spillane, 2012). The concept of critical analysis comprises of two general steps: identify the author purpose and thesis. In the context of above scenario, the manager want to motivate and satisfy the bankers and as well as the employees by availing the leadership qualities in an organizational management. Theories and Models The theories and models of leadership, motivation and development include varieties of concepts that must be present in a professional banking manager (Chemers, 2014). In the current scenario, the manager of PNC bank want to motivate and lead the bankers so that they success in their job role. Being a manager there are various ways to motivate the leaders which initially includes better complexion of communication, offerings of telecommunication option, offering of work bonus and etc. The manager must maintain a clean and efficient relationship; and fulfill all customer demands. Being a manager, the bank must improve the service of customers and provide all such necessary facilities to its employees; so that the employees feels good and tends to impoverish the customer services which is very important for a banking industry. The researcher has provided models of motivation which are illustrated below: Figure 1: Theory of Motivation (Source: Created by author) The above model is illustrated by the researcher itself to make a direct reflection in a banking industry. The highlighted factors of motivation reflected above help the manager of PNC bank to attract and motivate customers and its employees. The motivation theory of employees comprises of two segments which generally include common hygiene factor and motivating factor (Spillane, 2012). Hygiene factor are divided into four subparts which initially include salary and pay, social needs, companies policy and job securities; whereas general motivating factors comprises of recognition, responsibility, advancement of self esteem and maturity of work portfolio. The provided book of leadership, motivation and development is very helpful in case of manger to motivate the bankers and as well as the customer. Application of theory There are many theories of motivation and leadership. The professionals working in a positive environment requires certain consequences and assumptions regarding motivating and enhancing employees; so that they can provide efficient services to its ultimate customers at a glance. In an industry like banking, the satisfaction of customers and its services, leadership, motivation holds a very important aspect to make virtualization of business activities (Draft, 2014). Based on the above scenario, it is obvious that the concept of leadership plays a very eminent role in shaping the needs of every organizational management (Weiner, 2013). The theories that have been provided with this assignment are sorely related to the concept of leadership, motivation and development. In the provided book it have been mentioned that the personal qualities of a good leadership which includes responsibility, persistence, initiative and sociability must be present in a leader; which tends to motivate cu stomer and staff members to work efficiently and effectively (Peters, 2015). The outcomes of leadership have also been reflected by maintaining the trust and faith among various intellectual customers which is very important in a banking sector. Figure 2: Application Theory (Source: Li, Tan Teo, 2012, pp-260) The key points of leadership like fulfilling ambition, consumption of energy, tenacity and initiative helps the organizational management to make ensure and increases flexibility among employees and customers (Draft, 2014). The book focuses on varieties of leadership traits that must be present in a professional individual which generally includes drive, achievement, self confidence, ability of cognitive that motivate the customers and bankers to make clear complexion and attract towards bank portfolio work management (Schunk Zimmerman, 2012). Conclusion This assignment concludes with the broad concept of leadership development and motivation in a banking industry. As a manager it is very important to maintain and increase the efficiency of motivation in common workplace environment to satisfy customer and its employees. Throughout, this entire study the concept of leadership and motivation consideration has taken into account with some valuable points and strategy. The concept of leadership and development has become excessively important for all organizational management; as it sustains a behaviors and attributes of leader. As a manager, the tendency to satisfy bankers with banking core strategy services has resulted many customers to choose other banking services; so there is need of emergence to improve the consumer services by motivating and enhancing bankers and employees by attracting banking offers and services. References Chemers, M. (2014). An integrative theory of leadership. Psychology Press. Chhokar, J. S., Brodbeck, F. C., House, R. J. (Eds.). (2013). Culture and leadership across the world: The GLOBE book of in-depth studies of 25 societies. Routledge. Daft, R. (2014). The leadership experience. Cengage Learning. Golub, T. L., Ol ar, D., Rijavec, M. (2014, July). The role of motivation and academic social context in study-related flow and burn-out. In 7th European conference on positive psychology. Li, Y., Tan, C. H., Teo, H. H. (2012). Leadership characteristics and developers motivation in open source software development. Information Management, 49(5), 257-267. Peters, R. S. (2015). The concept of motivation. Routledge. Pinder, C. C. (2014). Work motivation in organizational behavior. Psychology Press. Schunk, D. H., Zimmerman, B. J. (Eds.). (2012). Motivation and self-regulated learning: Theory, research, and applications. Routledge. Spillane, J. P. (2012). Distributed leadership (Vol. 4). John Wiley Sons. Weiner, B. (2013). Human motivation. Psychology Press.

Milkshake Factory Case Study Essay Example

Milkshake Factory Case Study Essay The story of George Stein exposes the dynamics that drive the night shift at Eastern Dairy’s milkshake factory. George was excited to join the dairy’s unionized workforce because its contributions-to-inducements balance was so favorable. As soon as he crossed the functional boundary into the organization, more specific features of George’s work group became apparent. First, there was no manager to speak of supervising the night shift. Second, horseplay was the workgroup norm, considered a natural and necessary complement to the hard work the team did every night. Although the management likely excused this as peripheral role behavior, it was relevant and desirable to the members of the night shift itself because it allowed them to cultivate camaraderie and maintain morale, giving them motivation to perform as well as participate. Management’s only expressed expectations were that the night shift complete the set of production orders they were given each night and that the equipment was spotlessly clean by 7 a. m. As long as these tasks were accomplished, the night shift was left to self-regulate. The night shift constitutes its own subculture within Eastern Dairy, and the special conditions that govern that workgroup make it discernibly different from the mainstream organizational culture. The absence of a formal manager to indoctrinate employees into organizational values such as quality management has allowed a different set of values and basic assumptions to emerge among the members of the night shift than might be held by the organization as a whole. For example, they share an implicit assumption that, where there is a conflict between workers’ best interests and quality control, the workers should win out. We will write a custom essay sample on Milkshake Factory Case Study specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Milkshake Factory Case Study specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Milkshake Factory Case Study specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer From a differentiation perspective, we can predict that the night shift’s internal consensus on this point is likely to be at odds with that of the managerial subculture. [1] If the company has the goal of total quality control, it has not taken the steps necessary to spread that philosophy throughout its ranks. Rather than sharing management’s presumed focus on the customer, the night shift is focused on doing their job quickly enough to get out of work on time. Since they have not received explicit training or communication about quality control issues, it is reasonable that they retain the view that some level of defects in the manufacturing process is normal and acceptable. If we are willing to dismiss the quality control aspects of the production line blockage issue, there remains the ethical question of what is the right way to deal with the problem. If George removes the filters as instructed, the 500 gallons of milkshake destined for public consumption will be contaminated with maggots. If he doesn’t, attempting instead to clear the filters every time one clogs, the production run will take forever, meaning everyone will have to stay late, and the equipment will not be clean in time for the start of the day shift. If the crew discards the entire contaminated batch and restarts the production run from scratch, clean-up will still be delayed to some extent, plus the company will have to waste 500 gallons of milkshake mix. The instructions management (to our knowledge) has provided to Paul indicate that it prioritizes timely completion of the production orders and subsequent clean-up over things like purity of the product. Additionally, Paul knows that, due to pasteurization, the milkshakes will not hurt anyone, and due to homogenization, the extraneous matter probably won’t even be noticed. After weighing all of these points, Paul decides to remove the filters in order to process the milkshake mix, maggots and all. Whether this is an ethical solution to the blockage depends on the system of ethics used to judge it. Paul appears to be following utilitarian ethics in his decision, by which milkshake contamination is an undesired but acceptable outcome of the action of greatest net benefit to all involved. He is not ignoring the effect of this action on the prospective drinkers of the milkshakes; he just feels that they are not affected adversely enough (due to homogenization and pasteurization) to change the assessment of greatest net benefit. According to act utilitarianism (and potentially rule utilitarianism, if the rule agrees), Paul’s decision is perfectly ethical. According to right-based ethics, however, he is acting unethically because allowing the contaminated milkshake to go to market interferes with the consumers’ rights to make an informed decision about the products they purchase. Finally,[2] an ethical egoist would be split on the issue: If George were a individual egoist, he would remove the filters without hesitation because doing so will make his life easier, but if he were a universal egoist, he would refrain from sending the contaminated batch to market because he wouldn’t like to be on the receiving end of that action. [3] George’s focus on others is apparent from the guilt he feels about the children who could find themselves drinking maggot-filled milkshakes because of his actions. Paul’s order to emove the filters falls on the cusp of George’s zone of indifference, and he considers disobeying out of concern with the morality of the request. One reason for George’s ambiguity is that he lacks the leadership defined by Mary Parker Follett. Paul may be the workgroup’s informal leader, but he has no real authority over his colleagues. He may know the technical aspects of the job, but he does not see the â€Å"big picture,† which includes the trust relationship between the dairy and its customers. He does his best to solve problems, but he hasn’t been given the resources to head them off before they occur. The solution he chooses for the blockage problem does not display the forethought of the ideal leader because it leaves the team open to potential repercussions from management and/or the public if the contamination is discovered. Nonetheless, Paul is George’s most obvious role-sender because he has the most impact on George’s daily work experience. Under the circumstances, Parker-Follett would like to see George try to influence Paul by suggesting a content innovation that miraculously solves their problem in an unforeseen way. In the end, it is not George’s responsibility – or ultimately even Paul’s – to solve the dilemma that confronts them. The management has not provided the night shift enough guidance to establish unequivocally what the organization considers the right way to proceed. The uncertainty the employees face in this situation is a good argument for formalized codes of ethics and quality control training. In the meantime, ethical relativism will prevail on the night shift: they will have to decide what is â€Å"right† based on what is best for everyone present. - [1] This assumes two things about the managerial subculture: a) it espouses a commitment to quality management, and b) its in-use values do not conflict with the espoused values. [2] Justice theories of ethics can be construed to agree with rights-based theory, but they deal to a greater degree with more over-arching questions of how society should be run. As such, justice ethics are the least appli cable to this situation. [3] Of course, a person who sees the contamination as harmless could allow it to happen without violating the â€Å"golden rule. †

buy custom Contract Law essay

buy custom Contract Law essay Question 1 (Martinas faulty racquet strings) In contract law, the issue of the vendor selling a defective item with clear intention is punishable through him or her paying for the damages to the client. Martina trusted the racquets expert that he will sell her excellent strings to enable her play and win the game. But after some time, the strings broke in the process of playing making her not to reach the finals. All endorsements worth $20000 went away because of faulty racquet strings. Under implied warrant in contract law, there is an express view to prevent or mitigate deceit and fraud to make persons be fair in their dealings, to be honest, and to be upright in all their transactions. Matrina entered in to a special contract with the racquets expert in Melbourne that she should be given high quality strings for her racquet, but she later recognized that the strings never had qualities she wanted. According to contract law, if in any case the special contract has been exercised for the sale and or purchase of goods of certain features, quality and description, and that particular good does not portray the same description as those stipulated by the vendor, or bargained for, or agreed to be sold, the buyer has a right to not only return the faulty equipment, but to be given compensation concerning the issue of being sold a faulty equipment. All the compensation stated in this case is not limited to the price of the item he or she bought, but it should, be inclusive of all the costs the buyer accrued in meeting the purchase and those costs and expenses, which directly link to the purchase of that product. Matrina need to be compensated for her travel costs, her forfeited token, the accommodation costs, training for championship costs and loss of endorsement fees, and disappointment fees. If the purchaser, however, neglects to return the faulty products she has bought within the stipulated period, a new contract will arise by the full implication of law, totally different from, and totally independent of, the previous agreement, and the person who has received and willing fully retains that goods is directly liable upon what is called a quantum meruit to pay for the presumed worth of the good. If Matrina stays with the goods (racquet strings) after the vendor has failed to perform his contract, she may recover the value of these items upon the new contract and the eventual promise that the law then applies from the changed situation and consequences of the parties. In all sales or purchases of products, the law stipulates an undertaking or a due promise from the seller that at no time carried out a bad sale, and that he had no obligation to make the contract of sale he had profess to make. Peto vs. Blades case indicates that if the seller knowingly or intentionally sold defective goods, he is entitled to indemnify the buyer against the damage he had already sustained. This damage is inclusive of loss of endorsement fees, disappointment and distress, travelling costs and accommodation costs. If Matrina was cognizant of the defect in the strings, materially reducing the value of the said item, the low has an obligation to carry out a disclosure thereof to the intended buyer, and informing in silence the fact of substance, which needed in utmost good faith be made known, and is equivalent, in laws contemplation to a valid express representation or even warranty (Hill vs. Gary). If for example, a taverner sold wine knowing that the wine is corrupt, to a buyer as a good wine, although he impliedly expressed to warrant it as such, yet a certain action showed that he lied, he is required by law to compensate the buyer. Also, if the merchant sells a piece of cloth to the buyer, knowing that the cloth is not in good condition, he is responsible for compensating the buyer (Atkinson vs. Bell ). To justify that Matrina is liable for full compensation, we consider the case of Southern vs. Howe. It states that if an individual sold a horse with no eye, no legal action against him sin ce the buyer already observed that the horse lacked one eye. But if the seller fixes an artificial eye to lure the buyer in to believing that the horse has both eyes and later finds out that indeed the other eye is counterfeit, the seller is liable to compensate the buyer for such actions. Therefore, the racquet expert in Melbourne has an obligation to compensate Matrina to the extent of having implied with the conditions of the contract. Some times it is possible for the buyer to complain that he never knew of the defects existence. He must, therefore, proof that what he did was not intentional by revealing other sales of the same items he had sold to other clients, that indeed they were not defective. If Matrina agrees to eventually take the sale issues with all faults, there exists an implication of one part of the racquet dealer to resort to no device or possibility to conceal any defect. The seller should reveal that indeed he sold defective strings and that he is liable to duly compensate the buyer. The condition to be taken inclusive of all faults and frauds, do not entirely mean that the item to be undertaken with all existing frauds, and hence, the seller will not be allowed to present himself of it if he decides to resort to any artifice, or makes use of false representation, with the intention of convincing the purchaser to forget about the contract of sale. Defective items sold have adverse implications, w hich will cost the buyer a lot, therefore, all the burden of compensation lies directly on the vendor who sold the defective goods. Question 2 (The case of Jilna and Lee) If a contract has been made and because of one reason or another, the other party is not able to perform his or her obligation, then this constitutes frustration. Jilna seems not to have read the lease agreement letter properly, as she thinks that the lease was only running for one year, yet the letter indicated it was running for five years. This frustrates Lee so much because of the complication with the contract. Jilna sees it as no longer possible for her to continue with her bicycle manufacturing business because of road blockage, which has made supply of materials to her factory paralyzed. Besides, the roads department has told her that it will take three months for all the trees blocking the road to be removed. As such, she will not be able to manufacture her bicycles, implying that she will not be able to make any sale. This could be understandable that she wont be able to pay any rent, but the contract she made is binding. Frustration concerns the subsequent impossibility. If the contract appeared to be impossible from the start, the issue will be the mistake but not constituting frustration. Jilna should, however, establish as to whether or not the situation at hand has been expressly shown in the contract- the lease contract. This provision is normally called force majeure clause. For example , a contract of manufacturing bicycles using Lees factory premises might say, if a factory collapses, or the external disasters that will negatively affect the performance of your business and hence, making you unable to pay the monthly rent, take place, then this will happen This clause ought to be complete and should stipulate specific risk(s). Since there is no force majeure clause in Jilna and Lees contract, there are various frustrations that are established in case laws. Supervening illegality stipulates that immediately the contract was made, a new law or a new occurrence has made it illegal for the cont ract to be carried out. The best example of the case law is Avery vs. Bowden (1856), in which a certain ship was supposed to pick up some specific cargo at port of Odessa. With the occurance of the Crimean war, the government passed a rule that is illegal to load the ship at the foes port. Hence, the ship could not undertake its contract without having broken the law. Hence, the contract was frustrated. When the hurricane fell on the land and fell the trees that block the road leading to Jilnas factory, Jilna was not able to carry out her business hence, frustrating the contract she made with Lee. The performance of the contract under this scenario of supervening illegality will not take place or will be impossible. The reason is because of the eventual destruction of the subject matter (factory premises). Jilna, for example will say, I agree to pay you monthly rent, but the road to the factory get blocked. This complicates the perfomance of the contract they have both signed, though Jilna never took her time to know to what extent the agreement was binding. The nature of contractual obligation may also make the contract not to perform in the stipulated way. A very good example is the case of coronation of King Edward VII in 1901 where the coronation process failed because the king was ill. One person had hired a flat in order to view the coronation but refused to pay the days rent, since the existing contract had been frustrated. The court said that he was indeed right: the whole idea of hiring a room was only to watch the coronation ceremony, and since the ceremony never too k place, then there was no need of hiring the said room ( Krell v Henry). But a contract is not frustrated only just because it has become very expensive or uneconomical to perform. This kind of risk occurs immediately when one enters into a contract. The supervening even, however, must be beyond the ability of both parties to control. Neither Jilna could not have been able to prevent hurricane from passing near her factory, nor was Lee able to inform Jilna in advance that there could be a hurricane passing by, so that she could be informed. As search the event (hurricane) was unforeseeable by both parties (Jilna and Lee). The legal effects of this frustration by the common law becomes the contract which was made automatically comes to a halt at that exact time of frustrating event. Immediately the hurricane caused havoc on the road, and hence making supplies difficult from reaching the factory, Jilans factory operations stopped, hence signaling that she will not be able to pay the stipulated monthly rent, as shown in the contractual letter. The recommended statute is the Law Reform (Frustrated Contracts) Act of 1943, which is only applicable in a situation where there is no express permission existing in the contract for anything that happens if it is frustrated. The provision is that, if some payments have been made in advance, the lessee or the buyer has a right to get the payments back, net of any expenses that he or she could have incurred. Jilna had not yet paid the rent, but she might have incurred the expenses of renovating the factory hence, she will not be in a position to ask Lee to pay her the expenses she has accrued so far. Lee is also frustrated by the fact that Jilna will not be able to pay the monthly rent as indicated in the contract, and that she never understood the terms and conditions in the contract after all. If the contract had been partially performed, as shown by Jilna who had already undertaken the factory operations, it gets a little bit complex. She will be required, according to the contract, to pay for any of benefit she could have received. If for example, at the time of the frustrating event (Hurricane), Jilna had already made some refurbishments in the factory, Lee had to compensate Jilna for all the expenses incurred in refurbishing the factory. She could value the amount of factory upgrade and ascertain whether it will be able to give a one month rent, since Jilna will no longer be able to carry out the business. The case of Brisbane Council vs. Group Projects Pty is also another example of a frustrated contract, which depicts what happened to Jilna and Lee. Under this case, the Group Projects had some land which was to be developed. The company came into agreement with Brisbane City Council that the company should undertake some work on the land immediately the land was rezoned residential. The thing, which later happened, is that the land was forcefully resumed by the government to be used as a school. The City council of Brisbane argued that, until the extent that Group Projects had said to carry out the development work in the land, it was still justified to go on. The company mentioned that the whole idea had been frustrated since its ability to make profit had already been removed when the said piece of land was rezoned. The case raises some interesting debate as to whether it can be said that frustration existed when the commercial interests of the above contract had been removed or no t. The high court officials who said that the issue had no difficulty are holding that the contract was frustrated because of the eventual resumption of the land. Lees plan to enjoy monthly revenues of $ 5000 per month was frustrated by the fact that Jilna will not be able to carry out her agreement to be paying her $ 5000 per month as lease rentals for 5 years. One can view other tangible issues facing frustration of the contract by looking at the conclusion of Stephen J (p 766) 4th paragraph and also interesting or thrilling commentary on the subsequent paragraph about how frustration is so uncertain. The hurricane was not easily predictable by both parties. If it were, then Jilna could have given her own side of the story as tow whether to continue with her operations or stop it altogether. The case of National Carriers Ltd vs. Panalpina Ltd is applicable to Jilna and Lees case because, before the decision, it was meditated that the doctrine of frustration will never be applicable in real estate, even including leases. The reason is because, real estate is actually land and the land is everlasting. The National Carriers type of case involved the commercial lease of a warehouse. The existing access to the warehouse was blocked by a local authority, which decided to close the street since the state of building the building in the street was not safe. The lease was supposed to run for ten years. The same street also was to be closed for a period of 18 months. Tenants said that the lease agreement was frustrated. However, it is said that the doctrine of frustration does not normally apply in real estate. In the said case, the tenant was in possession of a premise (warehouse) which was the subject of the lease agreement. Lee likewise had a factory, which was also the subject of the lease agreement. It will not matter what will happen, even if the building is destroyed since the interest of the land continues on. This is somehow, a very unrealistic view of commercial issues. In the issue of National carriers, the House of Lords reiterated that the frustration doctrine will apply to lease agreement but insisted that the cases will be very rare. The main facts of the case is that, they concluded that this lease was not frustrated since the deprivation of the tenant was so small compared with the lease term of 18 months in a period of ten years. Question 3 (company formation) For me to ensure that I have become successful in undertaking the venture, I need to understand the ways in which I can raise my finances. Already, I have savings amounting to $ 300000 and the bank has agreed to give me extra $ 300000. This comes to $ 600000. To make it $ 1 million, which is required for me to establish the company, I have found 40 investors, each willing to pump in $ 10,000 into this business, after understanding that this project will be profitable and the payback period will be shorter. Of great concern is to whether to make this company go public or to operate it as a private company. Remember this company is still at its seed or concept stage, where I am supposed to be developing the business plan and mobilizing resources in order to make it a reality. It will be realistic to put it this way- we run this company as private limited company for some few years in to the future since you understand the disadvantages of making it go public this early. I need to develop a strong object clause of the company, according to the Corporation Act which stipulates that companies should express the object of their operation. My object in the company is to explore the organic mineral development storage devise for electricity. I know that the provisions of the Act allow me to undertake this activity as it says, a provision of the corporation legislation does not: prohibit the doing of an act, or, impose a liability for doing an act, if the provision of the law of State or Territ ory specifically authorizes the doing of an act. I also know that my company needs to set up and maintain a register of members, a register of financial undertakings, a register of earnings to be achieved and the initial financing options. Also, we need to understand the company structure, company name, legal obligations, company registration and legal obligation concerning our company name so that we can not violate the Corporation Acts provisions. Before we think of whether this company is going to be private or public, we need to consider if this company wills suite the needs and follow the proper established legal framework as deviation from it will lead to total discontinuation of our plan to establish this company. This company can conduct business throughout Australia, but we need to get the provisions right. When we think of registering the company name, it is not the same as registering our company. Registration of our company name does not in any way create a legal entity but rather registering the company itself, does. R egistration of the company name, according to Corporations Act, allows us to use the privileges to which our company is entitled, like corporate tax rate and limited liability. In order for us to register the name of our business, we need to consult the corporations act provisions. Concerning how to run this business, we need to decide the internal governance and how it affects replaceable rules, constitution and the general business operations. This is a proprietary company, and it cannot be run by replaceable rules if initially I am going to be the director and member and, therefore, special rules apply. Since this is proprietary company, corporation act allows the company not to lodge its constitution when duly applying to register. However, Corporations Act must be followed in order to avoid any possible violation. The company will ensure that contracts over $ 20000 will require immediate approval of the managing director. No contracts above this will be allowed without the directors consent. Since there will be investors who have stakes in this company, the corporation act will require the company to provide their registration information and the amount they each contribute. Date of entry of each and every investor or member must also be indicated. If this company will get membership of over 50 people, the company scheme should include in its members register an updated index of members name. This index must be easy to use and should allow members entry to be found easily. If this company is to stay to be proprietary, we must satisfy all the provisions of the particular type of the company. If this Company becomes a public company, relevant procedures must be followed. The company should indicate how shares are to be allocated, how additional capital is to be raised, and the reporting standards to be used and tax payment strategies. We need to give all the details required so that we can be successfully registered. This will make this company to operate legally as a corporate body at the very day it received its certificate of registration. When registered, we need to ensure that we are given ACN (Australian Company Number) as required by the Corporations ACT. If we are given ABN, the number we get should end with the nine digits we have already received. The company name, written in legible characters, is followed by Australian Company Number as appropriate. This means that we need to satisfy all the requirements of the Corporations Act in order to enable us become an officially and registered company in Australia. All documents should be issued, at the right time so that we cannot risk being deregistered. Question 4 (Case of Amanda and John) As a start up company, Amanda and John will not be able to access a wide pool of funds. When the company is too young, profits are usually less and there is instability in profitability projections. Legally, it is not allowed for one to go for other debts without clearing the existing one. Amandas case indicates that her money is all tied in trusts as she has been acting as a trustee for her family trust when the family was not able to meet the trusts. Therefore, thinking to carry out business as a partnership and as a company should be clearly evaluated because both different business types have different legal attributes. As a partnership, both must understand that they have mutual obligation to carry out the business. Considering that they can only manage to raise $60000, it means that they will not be able to meet the required capital target, what with Amanda in deep financial turmoil. As a start up business, both individuals should require the initial amount so that business will be carried out smoothly. Both of them have a contractual obligation to look for ways of raising the other $90000 to finance the business. Start up businesses are usually the most challenging businesses to undertake since they may either collapse or experience slow growth. If both of them are considering venturing in to partnership, it is essential that they consider all options before they make any decision. Choosing a business structure that will be supported by the capital stated is very wise. The success or failure of their business depends on how the two individuals design their business structure during the concept stage. Since the success of partnerships is determined by the partners, both of them should ensure that they raise the extra amount in order to finance business development. Though there are advantages in partnership like work sharing and skills supplementation, they understand that legal obligations must be strictly adhered to when it comes to sourcing extra financing from other sources. It is very essential to understand the business laws, which are associated with partnership, so that both of them should not be faced with legal problems. It is very vital if both of them will speak to the business lawyer or attorney before thinking of any option to turn the business in to a partnership one. This will enable them get legal advices on basic legal aspects of business pertaining the partnership. They also need to understand that if the venture fails and already had borrowed some amount; it is their obligation to repay the debt. Assuming that they contributed capital equally, both partners need to consider that any external debt should be cleared first before settling any internal ones. Both of them should also consider that sharing of profits should be according to the ratio of their contributions or any criteria that they deem fit. This will ensure that any issues or complications are handled the right way. In Ingran vs. Deere Ingram, who were a psychologist and Deere, who was a psychiatrist, entered into an agreement in which Deere could serve as a medical and director of a pain clinic. He said that he was going to receive a third of clinics income, and Ingram would receive a third, and the remaining one-third would be for meeting expenses. Deere said that they were to carry a joint venture but Ingram asserted that Deere will receive a third of the clinics revenue and that no agreement was reached on the remaining two thirds. He also admitted that he never contributed capital to start clinic, never took part in hiring extra workers, and never knew the names of staff members. He also admitted that he never bought clinic equipment, never became a signatory to the c linics ban account and never appeared anywhere in the lease agreement for the clinic office space. After fourteen months, Ingram decided to give Deere a form called Physician Contractual Employment Agreement (stated that Ingram was to be the sole owner of the clinic) which he refused to sign. He later ceased working at the clinic. He sued Ingram, and later on the jury discovered that both of them entered into a partnership agreement in which Ingram breached his fiduciary responsibility to Deere. However, the trial court found that they found no material evidence to support their partnership business. With this case law, Amanda and John should ensure that they communicate to each other, not only orally, but also in writing the responsibilities of each partner, compensation of each partner and profit sharing ratios in order to avoid complications. Forming a capital at start up stage is not realistic, as the company requires that the two partners raise a large amount of money, and both of them should have sufficient collateral incase that go for a bank loan. By the look of things, it appears that they will not get additional financing because they were not able to raise $150000, which is a very small fraction for the capital required to form a company. Besides, the issue of Amanda not able to settle her trustee obligations to the family proofs that they will not be able to secure a bank loan in order to establish private company. Most start ups must be operated as partnership businesses for at least three years from the time they were formed and that during this time the income inflows should have been consistent and rising. They should first be able to raise the additional $ 90000, carry out the business as partnership and when they think that the business is now stable they can decide to make it a private company. Buy custom Contract Law essay